The 25 Most Popular Diets of 2015: 18 Shake Tops List While Weight Watchers and Nutrisystem Take a Tumble. With the help of our natural diets pills and weight loss supplements, you can achieve your diet goals. Specially designed natural supplements, when combined with a. Comparison of Weight-Loss Diets with Different Compositions of Fat, Protein, and Carbohydrates. Sacks, M.D., George A. This article provides detailed information on the eight most popular diets today, including the Atkins Diet, the South Beach Diet, The Zone Diet, and more. Are they good for you? Dietitian Juliette Kellow investigates detox. Detox Diets Under the Spotlight. While losing weight too fast may prove to be risky, there are diet plans that. Comparison of the Atkins, Ornish, Weight Watchers, and Zone Diets for Weight Loss and Heart Disease Risk Reduction . After 2 months of maximum effort, participants selected their own. Main Outcome Measures. Greater effects were. Each diet significantly reduced the low- density. HDL) cholesterol ratio by approximately. P<. 0. 5), with no significant effects on. Amount of weight loss was associated. For. each diet, decreasing levels of total/HDL cholesterol, C- reactive protein. Overall dietary adherence rates were low, although increased. Popular diets have become increasingly prevalent and controversial. More than 1. 00. 0 diet books are now available,2 with many popular ones departing substantially from. Cover stories for. Atkins diet),1. 0 many modulate macronutrient balance and glycemic. Zone diet),1. 1 and others restrict. Ornish diet). 1. 2 Given the growing. Unfortunately, data. Of note, this study only evaluated the dietary components. Of 1. 01. 0 telephone. Boston, Mass, from July 1. January 2. 4, 2. 00. Figure 1). Exclusion. L (. Participants did not receive any monetary compensation. Our recruitment strategy was designed. Randomization and Intervention. We administered dietary advice to small groups rather than individually. Once each of the 4 class rosters contained approximately. Latin- square sequence. This method was used. Study personnel were blinded to dietary assignments (revealed by the. A new set of diet. A single team composed of a dietitian and physician (M. L. D., J. A. G.). At the first meeting, the team revealed. The Zone group aimed for a 4. Lists. provided by the Weight Watchers Corporation determined point values of common. The Ornish group aimed for a vegetarian diet containing 1. In an effort to isolate the effects of the dietary component of each. We encouraged all participants to take a nonprescription. To approximate the realistic long- term sustainability. We asked participants. Using a computerized diet analysis program (Nutritionist. Five, version 2. 3, First Data. Bank Inc, San Bruno, Calif), we calculated the. We also telephoned participants monthly and asked. We also asked participants to report medication changes, hospitalizations. Participants. were blinded to timing of assessments until 2 weeks before each visit, and. We measured body weight using a single. Detecto, Webb City, Mo) of the participants with them wearing. We measured waist size as the mean of 2 readings. Dinamap, Criticon Inc, Tampa, Fla). We obtained blood samples after. HDL cholesterol. triglycerides, glucose, insulin, high- sensitivity C- reactive protein, and. We. used the Friedewald formula. LDL cholesterol. We also obtained urine samples from 2. We documented. changes in exercise category (vigorous, moderate, mild, or minimal) according. Using t tests and a 2- sided type I error. Analysis of variance was used to assess differences in baseline variables. Absolute changes for each. To assess the. null hypothesis of no change from baseline, we used 1- sample t test for normally distributed variables and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Missing data were replaced with baseline data for a. We used linear regression. We used SPSS version 1. SPSS Inc, Chicago. Ill) for all statisticall analyses. All P values. were 2- sided; P. Compared with men, women had significantly. Hg), and triglyceride levels (1. L. . Women were also more likely to be nonwhite. At 1 year. there was a nonsignificant trend (P. Twenty- seven of 6. Individuals who discontinued the study had less. P. The most common reasons cited for discontinuation. We were unable to identify any diet- related adverse event. We found no evidence of clinically. At baseline. 1. 47 (9. Mean total energy intake. There were no significant. For. each group, dietary adherence as assessed by diet records decreased progressively. P. As with diet. records, adherence according to self- report gradually decreased over time. Figure. 2). Nevertheless, approximately 2. In each diet group. Weight reductions were highly associated. Pearson r. In women, mean (SD) body weight decreased by 2. P. Participants in the top tertile of. All diets reduced. LDL cholesterol levels at 1 year, although this did not reach statistical. Atkins group (P. The LDL/HDL. P<. 0. 5). No diet program significantly altered triglycerides, blood. The lower carbohydrate diets (Atkins. Zone) were more likely to reduce triglycerides, diastolic blood pressure. Atkins diet failed to significantly. P. The secondary. Table 4), demonstrated larger but otherwise similar changes overall. The amount of weight loss predicted the amount of improvement in several. Figure 4). For. each diet, weight loss was significantly associated with changes in total/HDL. No diet significantly worsened any cardiac. At. 1 year, the numbers of participants with increased and decreased exercise. Atkins, 1. 0 and 7 for Zone, 1. Weight Watchers, and 8 and 3 for Ornish groups, respectively. The amount. of weight loss was associated with changes in exercise level (r. After. accounting for dietary adherence, there was no significant association between. The number of prescription medications (mean, 2. Adjusting for changes in baseline medication use did not materially. For example, 4 to 7 participants in each group. Zone group and initiated during the study by primary. Atkins and Weight Watchers groups and for. Zone group. When individuals who initiated cholesterol- lowering medication. LDL/HDL. cholesterol ratios observed with each diet remained statistically significant. Despite a substantial percentage of participants who could sustain. The higher discontinuation rates for the Atkins. Ornish diet groups suggest many individuals found these diets to be too. To optimally manage a national epidemic of excess body weight. One way to improve dietary adherence rates in clinical practice may. Participants. in our study were not allowed to choose their dietary assignment; however. Our. findings challenge the concept that 1 type of diet is best for everybody and. Likewise, our findings do not support. Our results support a growing body of research suggesting that carbohydrate. Low carbohydrate diets consistently increase HDL cholesterol,1. In the long run, however, sustained adherence to. The clinical significance of diet- induced changes in HDL cholesterol. High- carbohydrate/low- fat diets typically reduce or fail to increase. HDL cholesterol levels, but insufficient data exist to determine whether this. Similarly, the increase. HDL cholesterol associated with low- carbohydrate/high- fat diets is of unclear. Increased saturated. HDL cholesterol increases in the. Atkins diet, although we observed no such association between. HDL cholesterol and saturated fat in our study. The reduction in. LDL/HDL cholesterol ratio observed for each diet is suggestive but not conclusive. Clearly, the cardiovascular and. By design, our study provided a limited amount of support beyond the. A benefit of this. A drawback. is that this approach is poorly suited to determine the effects of each diet. Research studies and clinical programs that. Our study has several limitations. Our study was designed to identify. Our study had a relatively high rate. Our study was limited in its ability. Finally, the measurements of dietary intake and adherence relied. In conclusion, poor sustainability and adherence rates resulted in modest. Cardiovascular outcomes. More research is also needed to identify practical techniques. Corresponding Author: Michael L. Dansinger. MD, Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Tufts- New England Medical Center. Box 2. 16, Boston Dispensary 3. Washington St, Boston, MA 0. Author Contributions: Dr Dansinger had full. Study concept and design: Dansinger, Griffith. Selker, Schaefer. Acquisition of data: Dansinger, Gleason, Schaefer. Analysis and interpretation of data: Dansinger. Gleason, Selker, Schaefer. Drafting of the manuscript: Dansinger, Griffith. Schaefer. Critical revision of the manuscript for important. Dansinger, Gleason, Griffith, Selker, Schaefer. Statistical analysis: Dansinger, Griffith. Obtained funding: Dansinger, Selker, Schaefer. Administrative, technical, or material support. Dansinger, Gleason, Selker, Schaefer. Study supervision: Selker, Schaefer. Funding/Support: This study was supported by. MO1- RR0. 00. 54 from the General Clinical Research Center via the National. Center for Research Resources of the National Institutes of Health (NIH). HL5. 74. 77 from the NIH; contract 5. US Department of Agriculture. P3. 0DK4. 62. 00 from the Human Metabolic and Genetics Core Laboratory of the. Boston Obesity Nutrition Research Center program. Dr Dansinger was supported. T3. 2 HS0. 00. 60 from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Role of the Sponsors: The General Clinical. Research Center scientific staff provided consultation in the design of the. The General Clinical Research Center nursing staff provided assistance. No sponsor participated in the analysis or interpretation. Acknowledgment: We thank Wenjun Li, Ph. D, from. the University of Massachusetts Medical School, Division of Preventive and. Behavioral Medicine, for statistical assistance; Judith Mc. Namara, MT, and. Kourosh Zonous- Hashemi, BS, from the Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, Jean Mayer. USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, for performing the. Elias Seyoum, Ph. D, from the Nutrition Evaluation Laboratory. Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center, Tufts University, for performing. General Clinical Research Center staff from Tufts- New. England Medical Center for technical assistance; Kendrin Sonneville, MS, RD. Jacquelyn Stamm, MS, RD, for performing diet record analyses; and Sylvia. Peterson, for administrative support. Atkins' New Diet Revolution.? Atkins' New Diet Cookbook.?
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